KINALO Kitchen / References
Kitchen measures, clearly labelled.
Keep the recipe's own measurements first. Weight, liquid volume, length, oven settings and food-centre temperatures answer different questions.
- Weight, volume and length - three-page A4 PDF
- Oven settings and marked spoons, with the printable reference
- Air-fryer adaptation and printable appliance checklist
- Food-centre temperatures and holding times
- Learn to tare scales and read marked measures
Weight conversions
Ordinary food ounces and pounds - rounded to the nearest gram
| Food weight | Metric weight |
|---|---|
| 1/4 oz | 7 g |
| 1/2 oz | 14 g |
| 3/4 oz | 21 g |
| 1 oz | 28 g |
| 2 oz | 57 g |
| 3 oz | 85 g |
| 4 oz | 113 g |
| 6 oz | 170 g |
| 8 oz | 227 g |
| 10 oz | 283 g |
| 12 oz | 340 g |
| 1 lb / 16 oz | 454 g |
| 1 lb 2 oz / 18 oz | 510 g |
| 2 lb / 32 oz | 907 g |
| 4 lb / 64 oz | 1814 g |
Keep the recipe's grams when supplied
Use the gram setting on a scale. Set an empty bowl on it and tare to zero, then add the ingredient. For baking, prefer the author's metric quantities rather than combining differently rounded charts.
Weight is not liquid volume
oz here is a weight ounce, not fl oz. One pound is 16 weight ounces and exactly 453.59237 g. A spoon or cup of different ingredients does not have one universal gram weight.
Liquid volume conversions
Choose UK Imperial or US liquid first - rounded to 0.1 ml
| Named volume | UK Imperial | US liquid |
|---|---|---|
| 1 fl oz | 28.4 ml | 29.6 ml |
| 2 fl oz | 56.8 ml | 59.1 ml |
| 4 fl oz | 113.7 ml | 118.3 ml |
| 5 fl oz | 142.1 ml | 147.9 ml |
| 8 fl oz | 227.3 ml | 236.6 ml |
| 10 fl oz | 284.1 ml | 295.7 ml |
| 16 fl oz | 454.6 ml | 473.2 ml |
| 20 fl oz | 568.3 ml | 591.5 ml |
| 1 pint | 568.3 ml | 473.2 ml |
| 1 quart | 1136.5 ml | 946.4 ml |
The same name can mean a different volume
A UK pint has 20 UK fluid ounces; a US liquid pint has 16 US fluid ounces. US dry pints are different again and are not in this table. One litre is 1,000 ml.
Cups need their own definition
A US customary cup is about 236.6 ml (8 US fl oz). A 240 ml nutrition-label cup and a 250 ml metric cup are different measures. Read the recipe's stated ml amount and actual utensil markings; do not silently swap cups.
Use a standing marked jug
Stand it on a level worktop, pour slowly and read the scale at eye level, not while holding it tilted. Do not convert ml to grams using this table. Keep ingredient-specific weights supplied by the recipe.
Sources: NIST: UK/US fluid ounces and US liquid pint; UK pint definition: Product Regulation and Metrology Act; NIST: 240 ml cup in metric kitchen equivalents; Nigella: different cup measures and 250 ml metric cup
Length conversions
Read the stated dimension - not a printed ruler
| Inches | Millimetres (mm) | Centimetres (cm) |
|---|---|---|
| 1/8 | 3.2 | 0.32 |
| 1/4 | 6.4 | 0.64 |
| 1/2 | 12.7 | 1.27 |
| 3/4 | 19.1 | 1.91 |
| 1 | 25.4 | 2.54 |
| 1 1/2 | 38.1 | 3.81 |
| 2 | 50.8 | 5.08 |
| 3 | 76.2 | 7.62 |
| 4 | 101.6 | 10.16 |
| 4 1/2 | 114.3 | 11.43 |
| 6 | 152.4 | 15.24 |
| 8 | 203.2 | 20.32 |
| 9 | 228.6 | 22.86 |
| 10 | 254.0 | 25.40 |
| 12 / 1 foot | 304.8 | 30.48 |
Measure the actual item
One inch is exactly 25.4 mm or 2.54 cm. Values here are rounded to 0.1 mm and 0.01 cm. This printed chart is not a scale: use a real clean ruler on a cold item, never reach into a hot pan.
Pan dimensions do not establish capacity
Match shape, inside width/diameter, depth, material and the recipe. A round 8-inch tin is not interchangeable with an 8-inch square tin. Food thickness and centre checks still matter.